How to calculate hours on a time card
For each day, subtract the clock-in time from the clock-out time and deduct any unpaid breaks. Add the days together to get the weekly total. Payroll systems usually work in decimal hours – 7 hours 45 minutes is 7.75 hours – so ClockOut shows both formats.
Paid hours = (clock out − clock in) − unpaid break · Weekly pay = regular hours × rate + overtime hours × rate × multiplier
Converting minutes to decimal hours
| Minutes | Decimal | Minutes | Decimal |
|---|
| 5 | 0.08 | 35 | 0.58 |
| 10 | 0.17 | 40 | 0.67 |
| 15 | 0.25 | 45 | 0.75 |
| 20 | 0.33 | 50 | 0.83 |
| 25 | 0.42 | 55 | 0.92 |
| 30 | 0.50 | 60 | 1.00 |
Overtime rules
In the United States, the Fair Labor Standards Act requires non-exempt employees to be paid at least 1.5 times their regular rate for hours worked over 40 in a workweek. Some states add daily overtime – for example, California pays time and a half after 8 hours in a day and double time after 12. Other countries set limits through law or collective agreements, and some employees are exempt from overtime entirely. The calculator offers weekly and daily options; always check the rules that apply to you.
Breaks
Short rest breaks (typically 5 – 20 minutes) are usually paid; meal breaks of 30 minutes or more are usually unpaid if you're completely relieved of duty. Enter only the unpaid part as the break.
Rounding
Some employers round punch times to the nearest 5, 6 or 15 minutes. In the US this is allowed only if it averages out fairly over time and doesn't systematically underpay employees. Modern time clocks and apps record exact minutes, which avoids disputes.
Tracking time accurately
- Time clock apps on phones or tablets with GPS or photo verification for field teams.
- Biometric or badge time clocks for shops, warehouses and factories.
- Timesheet software that exports directly to payroll, avoiding manual errors.
- Keep your own record of hours – it helps resolve pay questions quickly.
Frequently asked questions
How do I calculate hours worked?
Subtract clock-in from clock-out time and deduct unpaid breaks for each day, then add the days together.
How do I convert minutes to decimal hours?
Divide minutes by 60. For example, 45 minutes is 0.75 hours, so 7 hours 45 minutes equals 7.75 hours.
When does overtime start?
Under US federal law, after 40 hours in a workweek for non-exempt employees. Some states and countries also have daily overtime.
Is a lunch break paid?
Usually not, if it's 30 minutes or more and you are fully relieved of duty. Short rest breaks are typically paid.
How do I calculate an overnight shift?
Add 24 hours to the clock-out time if it is earlier than the clock-in time. The calculator does this automatically.
About ClockOut
ClockOut is an independent, free timesheet and overtime calculator for employees, freelancers and small businesses. Overtime rules vary by country, state and contract; results are estimates of gross pay before taxes and deductions. We are not a payroll provider.
Every formula on this page runs entirely in your web browser. The numbers you type are never uploaded, stored or shared. Our goal is simple: give you an honest starting point so you can compare product specifications with confidence and avoid paying for capacity you do not need – or buying something too small to do the job.
The methodology combines widely published engineering rules of thumb, manufacturer data sheets and the electrical code practices that installers use every day. We review the assumptions regularly and update the calculator when typical product specifications change.
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Last updated: October 28, 2026
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The calculator and articles on this website are provided free of charge for general information and educational purposes only. Results are estimates based on typical values and simplifying assumptions; real-world performance depends on the specific product, installation, climate, wiring and how you use your equipment.
Nothing on this site is professional engineering, electrical or financial advice. Always follow the manufacturer's instructions and local electrical codes, and have permanent installations, transfer switches and grid-connected systems designed and installed by a licensed electrician or qualified installer. Never operate fuel-burning generators indoors or in enclosed spaces – carbon monoxide can kill within minutes.
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